Section 145 crpc Pakistan | Section 145 crpc Pakistan | Section 145 crpc Pakistan property | Section 145 crpc Pakistan in urdu |Section 145 crpc Pakistan case laws | difference between section 144 crpc and section 145 crpc


Difference between section 144 and 145 crpc.

Both sections are related to breach of peace but section 145  if the breach of the peace exists concerning any land or water or the boundaries thereof,

But the section 144 is for breach of peace through meetings and procession.



Possession of property under section 145 crpc


What is section 145 crpc pakistsn



Section 145 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) in Pakistan pertains to the powers of the Magistrate to proceed against a person who is likely to commit a breach of the peace or disturb public tranquility. It empowers the Magistrate to take preventive action by initiating proceedings and passing orders to maintain peace andpecially empowered by the 
Provincial Government in this behalf] is satisfied from a police-report or other information that a dispute 
likely to cause breach of the peace exists concerning any land or water or the boundaries thereof, within the 
local limits of his jurisdiction, he shall make an order in writing, stating the grounds of being so satisfied, 
and requiring the parties concerned in such dispute to attend his Court in person or by pleader order in a particular area. The section is primarily concerned with preventing potential disputes and disturbances before they escalate



Dafa 145 kia hai in Urdu

پاکستان میں ضابطہ فوجداری (سی آر پی سی) کی دفعہ 145 مجسٹریٹ کو کسی ایسے شخص کے خلاف کارروائی کرنے کے اختیارات سے متعلق ہے جو ممکنہ طور پر امن کی خلاف ورزی کرنے یا عوامی سکون کو خراب کرنے کا مرتکب ہو۔ یہ مجسٹریٹ کو یہ اختیار دیتا ہے کہ وہ کارروائی شروع کرکے اور امن کو برقرار رکھنے کے لیے احکامات جاری کرکے احتیاطی کارروائی کرے۔
صوبائی حکومت اس سلسلے میں پولیس رپورٹ یا دیگر معلومات سے مطمئن ہے کہ تنازعہ
امن کی خلاف ورزی کا امکان کسی بھی زمین یا پانی یا اس کی حدود کے اندر موجود ہے۔
اپنے دائرہ اختیار کی مقامی حدود، وہ تحریری طور پر ایک حکم دے گا، جس میں مطمئن ہونے کی بنیاد بتائی جائے گی،
اور اس طرح کے تنازعہ میں متعلقہ فریقوں سے مطالبہ کرتا ہے کہ وہ ذاتی طور پر یا کسی خاص علاقے میں وکیل کے حکم سے اس کی عدالت میں حاضر ہوں۔ یہ سیکشن بنیادی طور پر ممکنہ تنازعات اور خلل کو بڑھنے سے پہلے روکنے سے متعلق ہے۔

 section 145 crpc with all subsections


TES AS TO IMMOVABLE PROPERTY
145. Procedure where dispute concerning land, etc., is likely to cause breach of peace. (1) Whenever a 
District Magistrate [or Sub-Divisional Magistrate or an Executive Magistrate specially empowered by the 
Provincial Government in this behalf] is satisfied from a police-report or other information that a dispute 
likely to cause breach of the peace exists concerning any land or water or the boundaries thereof, within the 
local limits of his jurisdiction, he shall make an order in writing, stating the grounds of being so satisfied, 
and requiring the parties concerned in such dispute to attend his Court in person or by pleader, within a 
time to be fixed by such Magistrate, and to put in written statement of their respective claims as respects 
the fact of actual possession of the subject of dispute.
(2) For the purposes of this section the expression 'land or water' includes buildings markets, fisheries, 
crops or other produce of land, and the rents or profits of any such property.
(3) A copy of the order shall be served in manner provided by this Code for the service of a summons upon 
such person or persons as the Magistrate may direct, and at least one copy shall be published by being 
affixed to some conspicuous place at or near the subject of dispute.
(4) Inquiry as to possession. The Magistrate shall then, without reference to the merits or the claims of any 
such parties to a right to possess the subject of dispute, pursue the statements so put in, hear the parties, 
receive all such evidence as may be produced by them respectively, consider the effect of such evidence, 
take such further evidence (if any) as he thinks necessary, and, if possible, decide whether any which of the 
parties was at the date of the order before mentioned in such possession of the said subject: Provided that, 
if it appears to the Magistrate that any party has within two months next before the date of such order been 
forcibly and wrongfully dispossessed, he may treat the party so dispossessed as if he had been in 
possession at such date: Provided also, that if the Magistrate considers the case one of emergency, he may 
at any time attach the subject of dispute, pending his decision under this section.
(5) Nothing in this section shall preclude any party so required to attend, or any other person interested, 
from showing that no such dispute as aforesaid exists or has existed; and in such case the Magistrate shall 
cancel his said order, and all further proceedings thereon shall be stayed, but, subject to such cancellation, 
the order of the Magistrate under sub-section (1) shall be final.
(6) Party in possession to retain possession until legally evicted. If the Magistrate decides that one of the 
parties was or should under the first proviso to sub-section (4) be treated as being in such possession of the 
said subject, he shall issue an order declaring such party to be entitled to possession thereof until evicted 
therefrom in due course of law, and forbidding all disturbance of such possession until such eviction and 
when he proceeds under the first proviso to sub-section (4), may restore to possession the party forcibly 
and wrongfully dispossessed.
(7) When any party to any such proceeding dies, the Magistrate may cause the legal representative of the 
deceased party to be made a party to the proceeding and shall thereupon continue the inquiry, and if any 
question arises as to who the legal representative of a deceased party for the purpose of such proceeding is, 
all persons claiming to be representatives of the deceased party shall be made parties thereto.
(8) If the Magistrate is of opinion that any crop or other produce of the property, the subject of dispute in a 
proceeding under this section pending before him is subject to speedy and natural decay, he may make an 
order for the proper custody or sale of such property, and, upon the completion of the inquiry, shall make 
such order for the disposal of such property, or the sale-proceeds thereof as he thinks fit.
(9) The Magistrate may, if he thinks fit, at any stage of the proceedings under this section, on the 
application of either party, issue a summons to any witness directing him to attend or to produce any 
document or thing



Section 145 crpc in urdu

غیر منقولہ جائیداد کے لیے TES
145. طریقہ کار جہاں زمین وغیرہ کے تنازعہ سے امن کی خلاف ورزی کا امکان ہو۔ (1) جب بھی a
ڈسٹرکٹ مجسٹریٹ [یا سب ڈویژنل مجسٹریٹ یا ایک ایگزیکٹیو مجسٹریٹ جو خصوصی طور پر بااختیار ہے
صوبائی حکومت اس سلسلے میں پولیس رپورٹ یا دیگر معلومات سے مطمئن ہے کہ تنازعہ
امن کی خلاف ورزی کا امکان کسی بھی زمین یا پانی یا اس کی حدود کے اندر موجود ہے۔
اپنے دائرہ اختیار کی مقامی حدود، وہ تحریری طور پر ایک حکم دے گا، جس میں مطمئن ہونے کی بنیاد بتائی جائے گی،
اور اس طرح کے تنازعہ میں متعلقہ فریقوں سے مطالبہ کرتا ہے کہ وہ اس کی عدالت میں ذاتی طور پر یا وکیل کے ذریعہ، a کے اندر حاضر ہوں۔
ایسے مجسٹریٹ کی طرف سے مقرر کردہ وقت، اور اپنے متعلقہ دعووں کا تحریری بیان بطور احترام
تنازعہ کے موضوع کے اصل قبضے کی حقیقت۔
(2) اس سیکشن کے مقاصد کے لیے 'زمین یا پانی' کے اظہار میں عمارتیں منڈیاں، ماہی گیری،
فصلیں یا زمین کی دوسری پیداوار، اور ایسی کسی جائیداد کا کرایہ یا منافع۔
(3) آرڈر کی ایک کاپی اس کوڈ کے ذریعہ فراہم کردہ طریقے سے پیش کی جائے گی
ایسے شخص یا افراد جیسا کہ مجسٹریٹ ہدایت کر سکتا ہے، اور کم از کم ایک کاپی ہو کر شائع کی جائے گی۔
تنازعہ کے موضوع پر یا اس کے قریب کسی نمایاں جگہ پر چسپاں۔
(4) قبضے کے بارے میں پوچھ گچھ۔ مجسٹریٹ پھر، میرٹ یا کسی کے دعوے کے حوالے کے بغیر
اس طرح کے فریقوں کو تنازعہ کے موضوع پر قبضہ کرنے کا حق ہے، بیانات کی پیروی کریں، تاکہ فریقین کو سنیں،
ایسے تمام شواہد حاصل کریں جو بالترتیب ان کے ذریعہ پیش کیے جائیں، ایسے شواہد کے اثر پر غور کریں،
جیسا کہ وہ ضروری سمجھے اس طرح کے مزید ثبوت (اگر کوئی ہیں) لیں، اور، اگر ممکن ہو تو، فیصلہ کریں کہ آیا ان میں سے کون سا
فریقین اس حکم کی تاریخ پر تھے جس کا ذکر اس سے پہلے مذکورہ مضمون کے قبضے میں کیا گیا تھا: بشرطیکہ،
اگر مجسٹریٹ کو یہ معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ کسی بھی فریق کے پاس اس طرح کے حکم کی تاریخ سے پہلے دو ماہ کے اندر اندر
زبردستی اور غلط طریقے سے بے دخل کیا گیا، وہ پارٹی کے ساتھ ایسا سلوک کر سکتا ہے جیسے وہ اس میں رہا ہو۔
ایسی تاریخ پر قبضہ: یہ بھی شرط ہے کہ اگر مجسٹریٹ اس کیس کو ہنگامی حالت میں سمجھے،
کسی بھی وقت تنازعہ کے موضوع کو منسلک کریں، اس سیکشن کے تحت اس کا فیصلہ زیر التواء ہے۔
(5) اس سیکشن میں کوئی بھی چیز کسی بھی پارٹی کو اس میں شرکت کرنے کے لیے، یا دلچسپی رکھنے والے کسی دوسرے شخص کو روکے گی،
یہ ظاہر کرنے سے کہ مذکورہ بالا کوئی تنازعہ موجود نہیں ہے اور نہ ہی موجود ہے۔ اور ایسی صورت میں مجسٹریٹ کرے گا۔
اس کے مذکورہ حکم کو منسوخ کریں، اور اس پر تمام مزید کارروائی روک دی جائے گی، لیکن، اس طرح کی منسوخی سے مشروط،
ذیلی دفعہ (1) کے تحت مجسٹریٹ کا حکم حتمی ہوگا۔
(6) قانونی طور پر بے دخل ہونے تک قبضہ برقرار رکھنے والی جماعت۔ اگر مجسٹریٹ فیصلہ کرتا ہے کہ ان میں سے ایک
ذیلی دفعہ (4) کی پہلی شرط کے تحت فریقین کو اس طرح کے قبضے میں سمجھا جانا چاہئے
کہا گیا موضوع، وہ ایک حکم جاری کرے گا جس میں ایسی پارٹی کو اس کے قبضے کا حقدار قرار دیا جائے گا جب تک کہ بے دخل نہ کر دیا جائے۔
اس سے قانون کے مطابق، اور اس طرح کی بے دخلی تک اس طرح کے قبضے کے تمام خلل کو منع کرنا اور
جب وہ ذیلی دفعہ (4) کی پہلی شرط کے تحت آگے بڑھتا ہے، تو زبردستی پارٹی پر قبضہ بحال کر سکتا ہے۔
اور غلط طریقے سے تصرف کیا گیا۔
(7) جب ایسی کسی کارروائی کا کوئی بھی فریق فوت ہوجاتا ہے، تو مجسٹریٹ اس کے قانونی نمائندے کا سبب بن سکتا ہے۔
متوفی کو کارروائی میں فریق بنایا جائے گا اور اس کے بعد انکوائری جاری رکھی جائے گی، اور اگر کوئی
سوال یہ پیدا ہوتا ہے کہ اس طرح کی کارروائی کے مقصد کے لیے متوفی فریق کا قانونی نمائندہ کون ہے،
متوفی پارٹی کے نمائندے ہونے کا دعویٰ کرنے والے تمام افراد کو اس میں فریق بنایا جائے گا۔
(8) اگر مجسٹریٹ کی رائے ہے کہ جائیداد کی کوئی فصل یا دوسری پیداوار، a میں تنازعہ کا موضوع
اس کے سامنے زیر التوا اس سیکشن کے تحت کارروائی تیز اور قدرتی زوال کے تابع ہے، وہ کر سکتا ہے۔
ایسی جائیداد کی مناسب تحویل یا فروخت کا حکم، اور، انکوائری مکمل ہونے پر،
اس طرح کی جائیداد کے تصرف کا حکم، یا اس کی فروخت سے حاصل ہونے والی رقم جو وہ مناسب سمجھے۔
(9) مجسٹریٹ، اگر مناسب سمجھے، اس دفعہ کے تحت کارروائی کے کسی بھی مرحلے پر،
کسی بھی فریق کی درخواست، کسی بھی گواہ کو سمن جاری کریں جس میں اسے حاضر ہونے یا پیش کرنے کی ہدایت کی جائے۔
دستاویز یا چیز



Case laws on section 145 crpc Pakistan


1 Muhammad Ishaque Chowdhury and another v. Nur Mahal Begum and others (PLD 1961 Supreme 
Court 426), Muhammad Boota and 12 others v. Ch. Faiz Muhammad and 8 others (1970 SCMR 592), 
Haji Muhammad Akram and others v. Mir Baz and others (1973 SCMR 236), Shera and others v. Mst. 
Fatima and another (1971 SCMR 449), Shah Muhammad v. Haq Nawaz and another (PLD 1970 
Supreme Court 470), Mirza Abdul Razzaq v. Barkat Ali and others (1985 SCMR 1235), Yar 
Muhammad and others v. Gul Muhammad (1985 SCMR 1609), Malik Manzoor Elahi v. Lala 
Bishambar Dass (PLD 1964 Supreme Court 137), Mehr Muhammad Sarwar and others v. The State 
and 2 others (PLD 1985 Supreme Court 240), Muhammad Shafique and others v. Abdul Hayee and 
others (1987 SCMR 1371), Ganga Bux Singh v. Sukhdin (AIR 1959 all. 141) and Mukhtar Ahmad and 
others v. Haji Muhammad Saleem and another (2013 SCMR 357)


Latest case law of Supreme Court of Pakistan on section 145 crpc

مندرجہ ذیل کیس لا میں پٹشنر نے اجازت فائل کی کے ریسپانڈنٹ نے کیس فائل کیا کہ اس نے پراپرٹی کرایہ پر دی ھوئی تھی اور أخری کرایہ دار یہ تھا ۔ یہ کہ کیس میں مجسٹریٹ نے قبضہ دلوا دیا ریسپانڈنٹ کو۔ جس فیصلہ کو پٹشنڑ نے چیلنج کیا اور ڈسٹرکٹ جج نے مجسٹریٹ کا فیصلہ ختم کر دیا۔ مگر ریسپانڈنٹ نے رٹ فائل کی ھائیکورٹ میں اور فیصلہ ڈسٹرکٹ کورٹ کا ریسپانڈنٹ کے حق میں ھو گیا۔
سپریم کورٹ نے قرار دیا کہ ریسپانڈنٹ خود مان رہا کہ قبضہ میرے پاس نہیں تھا بلکہ کرایہ پر دیا تھا۔ مجسٹریٹ اس سیکشن کے تحت قبضہ کی حد تک کاروائی کر سکتا۔ ملکیت کا فیصلہ نھیں کر سکتا۔ سیکشن 145 کے تمام سب سیکشن کو ڈسکس کیا اور ھائی کورٹ کا فیصلہ کالعدم کر دیا۔


cIN THE SUPREME COURT OF PAKISTAN
 (Appellate Jurisdiction)
Present:
Justice Qazi Faez Isa, C.J.
Justice Amin-ud-Din Khan
Justice Athar Minallah
CIVIL PETITION NO.116 OF 2020
(Against the judgment dated 19.11.2019 of the High 
Court of Baluchistan, Quetta passed in Constitution 
Petition No.317 of 2019)
Aminullah and others
 …Petitioners
 Versus
Syed Haji Muhammad Ayub and others
 …Respondents
For the Petitioners:
Mr. Kamran Murtaza, Sr.ASC
Syed Rifaqat Hussain Shah, AOR
For respondent No.1:
Mr. Abdul Hadi Tareen, ASC
Date of hearing:
16.11.2023
ORDER
Athar Minallah, J. The petitioners are residents of Killi Huramzai, 
Tehsil Huramzai, District Pishin (‘the petitioners’). They have sought 
leave against the judgement dated 19.11.2019 whereby the High 
Court, while exercising its extraordinary jurisdiction under Article 
199 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 
(‘the Constitution’), has allowed the petition filed by Haji 
Muhammad Ayub, son of Haji Muhammad Raza (‘the respondent’). 
2.
The respondent had filed a complaint on 14.5.2018 
before the Judicial Magistrate, Huramzai, District Pishin seeking 
initiation of proceedings under section 145 of the Code of Criminal 
Procedure, 1898 (‘Cr.P.C.’). He had asserted to be the owner of the 
property which was described in the complaint. He had further stated 
that the property was given on rent to various persons from time to 
time for the last many years while the last tenancy agreement was 
executed with one Kaleemullah, son of Qurban Ali and the possession 
was also handed over to him. It was alleged that the petitioners had
illegally taken possession of the property by putting locks from the 
2
outside on 09.5.2018 and thus he had been dispossessed. The 
Judicial Magistrate entertained the petition and, after completing 
protracted proceedings, the complaint was accepted vide order dated 
28.11.2018 and consequently the Tehsildar was directed to restore 
the possession of the property to the respondent. The petitioners 
challenged this order and their criminal revision was allowed by the 
Additional District Judge, Pishin vide order dated 18.2.2019. The 
respondent then invoked the jurisdiction of the High Court vested in 
it under Article 199 of the Constitution and the petition was allowed 
vide the impugned judgment dated 19.11.2019.
3.
We have heard the learned counsels for the parties. The 
questions that have arisen for our consideration are regarding the 
competence of the Judicial Magistrate to entertain the complaint and,
whether in the facts and circumstances, the jurisdictional 
requirements for undertaking proceedings under section 145 of the 
Cr.P.C. were met. The learned counsel for the petitioners has 
correctly pointed out that section 145 of the Cr.P.C was amended 
through the Baluchistan Act 2010 with effect from 10.12.2010 and 
the expression “District Magistrate or Sub-Divisional Magistrate or an 
Executive Magistrate specially empowered by the Provincial 
Government in this behalf” was inserted by substituting the omitted 
expression. The Judicial Magistrate was, therefore, bereft of 
jurisdiction to entertain the complaint and to exercise the powers 
under section 145 of the Cr.P.C. It would be pertinent to briefly 
analyze section 145 of the Cr.P.C. It contains ten sub-sections. Subsection (1) empowers the competent Magistrate to make an order in 
writing, requiring the concerned parties involved in the dispute to 
attend the proceedings in person or by a pleader, provided the 
Magistrate is satisfied that such a dispute is likely to cause a breach 
CP-116-2020 (16.11.2023).doc
3
of peace concerning any land or water or the boundaries thereon. The 
three crucial jurisdictional pre conditions to entertain a complaint or 
proceed under section 145 are; existence of a dispute, the dispute 
must be of a nature that is likely to cause a breach of the peace and,
lastly, it must relate to land, water or its boundaries. The purpose of 
making such an order is to enable the parties concerned to put in 
their respective statements of claims regarding the fact of actual 
possession of the subject of dispute. Subsection (2) describes the 
expressions ‘land’ and ‘water’. Subsection (3) prescribes the manner 
for the purposes of service of summons. Subsection (4) provides that 
after passing an order under sub-section (1) the Magistrate, without 
reference to the merits or the claims of the concerned parties 
regarding the right of possession of the subject of dispute, peruse the 
statements, hear the parties, receive evidence, consider the effects of 
the evidence so as to decide whether any and which of the parties
was, at the date of the order passed under subsection (1), in 
possession of the land. Sub-section (4) has two provisos. The first 
proviso contemplates that if it appears to the Magistrate that any 
party, within the period of two months before the date of such order 
i.e. an order under sub-section (1), has been forcibly and wrongly 
dispossessed, shall treat the party so dispossessed as having been in 
possession on the date of passing the order. The second proviso 
empowers the Magistrate to attach the subject of dispute pending his 
decision referred to in sub-section (4). However, such power is 
subject to the satisfaction of the Magistrate that in his or her opinion 
it is a case of emergency. Sub-section (5) further empowers the 
Magistrate to cancel an order passed or to stay further proceedings in
the eventualities expressly described therein. Sub-section (6) 
explicitly provides that the party, which has been determined to be in 
possession, shall be declared to be entitled to retain the same until 
CP-116-2020 (16.11.2023).doc
4
evicted in due course of law. It is further provided that, in the event 
of a determination made under the first proviso of sub-section (4), the 
possession is required to be restored in favour of the person who was 
forcibly and wrongfully dispossessed. Sub-section (7) deals with the 
eventualities when a party dies during the proceedings. Subsection 
(8) empowers the Magistrate to deal with the goods or items which 
are subject to speedy and natural decay. Subsection (10) explicitly 
provides that the powers under section 145 are not in derogation of 
the power vested under section 107 of the Cr.P.C. It is noted that 
section 107 of the Cr. P.C. vests the power in a Magistrate to take
appropriate measures to prevent a person who is likely to commit a 
breach of the peace etc. Section 151 empowers a police officer who 
knows of a design to commit any cognizable offence to arrest a person 
so designing without the permission or obtaining warrant from a 
Magistrate, if it appears to him/her that the commission of the 
offence cannot be otherwise prevented.
4.
It is obvious from the above analysis that the nature of 
proceedings under section 145 of the Cr.P.C. are more in the nature 
of an executive function because the right of ownership nor that of 
possession is adjudicated. The exercise of the powers are subject to 
fulfilment of the jurisdictional pre-conditions, particularly the 
satisfaction of the Magistrate that the dispute is likely to cause a
breach of the peace. This Court has interpreted section 145 of the 
Cr.P.C. in various judgments.1
 
1 Muhammad Ishaque Chowdhury and another v. Nur Mahal Begum and others (PLD 1961 Supreme 
Court 426), Muhammad Boota and 12 others v. Ch. Faiz Muhammad and 8 others (1970 SCMR 592), 
Haji Muhammad Akram and others v. Mir Baz and others (1973 SCMR 236), Shera and others v. Mst. 
Fatima and another (1971 SCMR 449), Shah Muhammad v. Haq Nawaz and another (PLD 1970 
Supreme Court 470), Mirza Abdul Razzaq v. Barkat Ali and others (1985 SCMR 1235), Yar 
Muhammad and others v. Gul Muhammad (1985 SCMR 1609), Malik Manzoor Elahi v. Lala 
Bishambar Dass (PLD 1964 Supreme Court 137), Mehr Muhammad Sarwar and others v. The State 
and 2 others (PLD 1985 Supreme Court 240), Muhammad Shafique and others v. Abdul Hayee and 
others (1987 SCMR 1371), Ganga Bux Singh v. Sukhdin (AIR 1959 all. 141) and Mukhtar Ahmad and 
others v. Haji Muhammad Saleem and another (2013 SCMR 357)
CP-116-2020 (16.11.2023).doc
5
5.
The main object and purpose of the powers vested under 
section 145 of the Cr.P.C. is to prevent a likely breach of the peace 
and to maintain the status quo. The parties are provided an 
opportunity to resolve the dispute regarding the title or right of 
possession before a competent forum. The most crucial factor for 
undertaking the proceedings is the likelihood of breach of the peace 
because of the dispute. The dispute must be in respect of land or 
water or boundaries thereof and the subject matter must be situated 
within the limits of the territorial jurisdiction of the Magistrate who 
has to exercise the powers. The existence of these factors is a prerequisite for making a preliminary order under sub-section (1) of 
Section 145 of the Cr.P.C. and the grounds required to be stated in 
the order must justify the satisfaction of the Magistrate. The mere 
existence of a dispute is not sufficient to put the powers in motion. 
There must be sufficient material giving rise to an imminent danger 
or a breach of the peace. In the absence of such an apprehension of a 
breach of the peace the exercise of the power would not be lawful. 
Moreover, the exercise of powers under section 145 will not be 
justified if the factor of breach of the peace can be prevented by 
resorting to powers vested under section 107 of the Cr.P.C. While 
conducting an inquiry under section 145 of the Cr.P.C. the Magistrate 
does not have the power or jurisdiction to decide either the question 
of title of property or the lawfulness of the possession. It merely 
empowers the Magistrate to regulate the possession of the property in 
dispute temporality in order to avert an apprehension of breach of the
peace. The attachment of the property under the second proviso of 
section 145 (4) is subject to the satisfaction of the Magistrate that a 
case of emergency has been made out. The Magistrate, while 
exercising powers under Section 145 of the Cr.P.C, is merely required 
to declare which one of the parties is entitled to remain in possession 
CP-116-2020 (16.11.2023).doc
6
because, as already noted, the proceedings do not empower 
undertaking an inquiry relating to ownership or the right to possess. 
6.
In the case in hand, the Judicial Magistrate was bereft of 
jurisdiction nor was he empowered to exercise the powers under 
section 145 of the Cr.P.C. Notwithstanding the lack of jurisdiction, 
the Judicial Magistrate also did not appreciate that the jurisdictional 
requirements were not in existence. The respondent, according to his 
own stance, was not in possession, rather it was handed over to the 
last tenant. The dispute was not likely to cause a breach of the peace 
and the respondent, in his complaint, had vaguely made a reference 
to it without disclosing any justification relating thereto. The 
protracted proceedings also established that the vague assertion of 
breach of the peace was merely an attempt to meet the requirement 
expressly provided under section 145 of the Cr.P.C. The Judicial 
Magistrate, despite having no jurisdiction to exercise the powers, had 
virtually adjudicated the title of the property and the right relating to 
possession in favour of the respondent. The powers exercised in the 
facts and circumstances of the case in hand were without lawful 
authority and jurisdiction. 
7.
For the above reasons, this petition is converted into an 
appeal and is allowed and consequently the impugned judgment of 
the High Court is set-aside. 
 
 Chief Justice
Judge
Judge
Announced in open Court on 07.12.2023
at Islamabad
Judge.
APPROVED FOR REPORTIN


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