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Showing posts from June 2, 2024

Torture and custodial death prevention and punishment act 2022 in Urdu.

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ٹارچر اینڈ کسٹوڈیل ڈیتھ (روک تھام اور سزا) ایکٹ، 2022، میں کئی اہم خصوصیات شامل ہیں جو سرکاری اہلکاروں کی طرف سے تشدد اور حراست میں ہونے والی موت کی کارروائیوں کو روکنے اور سزا دینے کے لیے بنائی گئی ہیں۔ یہاں اہم خصوصیات ہیں: 1. **دائرہ کار اور قابل اطلاق**:  - یہ ایکٹ پورے پاکستان تک پھیلا ہوا ہے اور نافذ ہونے کے فوراً بعد نافذ ہو جاتا ہے۔ 2. **واضح تعریفیں**:  - اہم اصطلاحات کی وضاحت کرتا ہے جیسے "تشدد،" "حراست،" "حراست میں موت،" "حفاظتی عصمت دری،" اور "عوامی اہلکار۔"  - "تشدد" کو شدید جسمانی درد یا کسی سرکاری اہلکار کے ذریعہ یا اس کی رضامندی سے جان بوجھ کر دی گئی تکلیف کے طور پر بیان کیا جاتا ہے۔ 3. **شواہد کی ناقابل قبولیت**:  - تشدد کے ذریعے حاصل کیا گیا کوئی بھی اعتراف یا معلومات قانونی کارروائی میں ناقابل قبول ہے۔  - سرکاری اہلکار جو جان بوجھ کر ایسی معلومات استعمال کرتے ہیں انہیں قید یا جرمانے کا سامنا کرنا پڑتا ہے۔ 4. **حراست میں خواتین کا تحفظ**:  خواتین کو معلومات یا ثبوت حاصل کرنے کے لیے حراست میں نہیں لیا جا سکتا۔

Declaration with permanent injunction or cancellation of documents .

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The case revolves around a dispute over ownership of a plot of land. The plaintiff filed a suit seeking declaration that he is the rightful owner of the plot described in the plaint. He claimed that he never appointed anyone as his attorney and did not transfer the property to the defendants. However, the defendants argued that the plaintiff's attorney had transferred the plot to one of the defendants, who then sold it to another defendant, the petitioner.  The trial court initially dismissed the suit, but the plaintiff appealed. The appellate court accepted the appeal and decreed the suit in favor of the plaintiff. However, the petitioner contested the decision in a revisional court, arguing that the judgment was wrongly based on a precedent that didn't apply to the case. The court ultimately ruled in favor of the petitioner, stating that the plaintiff failed to provide sufficient evidence to challenge the validity of the documents transferring ownership. It was noted that the

Khadija Shah bail order in 9 May case

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The court's unique decision focused on granting bail to Khadija Shah due to insufficient evidence and the need for further inquiry. It highlighted the presumption of innocence and the importance of due process. ### Unique Point Decided by the Court The unique point decided by the court in this case was the application and interpretation of **Section 497(2) of the Cr.P.C.** in the context of vicarious liability and the sufficiency of evidence required for denying bail. ### Detailed Explanation: 1. **Application of Section 497(2) of the Cr.P.C.:**    - The court applied Section 497(2) of the Cr.P.C., which allows for bail if the case against the accused requires further inquiry. This provision is typically invoked when the evidence is not strong enough to conclusively establish the accused's guilt without further investigation.    - In this case, the court highlighted that the evidence presented by the prosecution, including witness statements and digital evidence, did not conclu