First agreement vs 2nd agreement

What is the first agreement?

some time people do multiple agreements and first agreement means what they do first and after this they do 2nd.

what are two types agreement between two parties.

ans: some time people to do cheat two agreements with two different parties and some time they do with same party. but remember if you do 2nd agreement with same party if will be complication to enforce first one.

what are stages of agreements.

stages alway written in columns of agreements.where from we can now how it will be enforce.

but some stages are mandatory. like registration of agreement and mutations etc.

do newer contract supersede older ones.

ans yes if you do new agreement and you will have to write all the conditions in new one and if you doing revoke first one, it will be mention in 2nd one and if you want some columns will work with 2nd one, you will have to clearly mention in 2nd one what columns will be new and what will be work from old ones.

First agreement preferred over 2nd

2024 C L C 1379

[Lahore]

Before Ch. Muhammad Iqbal, J

MUHAMMAD TANVIR----Petitioner

Versus

MUHAMMAD RAMZAN ASAD and others----Respondents

Civil Revision No.19654 of 2022, heard on 3rd May, 2024.

(a) Registration Act (XVI of 1908)---

----S.50, proviso (1) & (2)---Transfer of Property Act (IV of 1882), S.53-A---Specific Relief Act (I of 1877), Ss. 12 & 39---Suit for specific performance and cancellation of mutation---Execution of agreement to sell, denial of---Agreement to sell prior in time---Scope and effect---Appellate Court decreed the suit of the plaintiff, while setting aside judgment of Trial Court whereby it ordered the defendant to return double amount of earnest money to the plaintiff---Contention of the petitioner/defendant was that the owner of suit land (vendor/ respondent/defendant) had conceded his (petitioner's) claim (prior agreement to sell ) as well as relevant mutation having been entered in his favour whereas said owner (as a defendant in suit-in-question) had denied the execution of agreement to sell in favour of respondent/plaintiff---Validity---Evidence produced by the respondent / plaintiff revealed that one of the witnesses produced by him, during cross-examination, deposed that the mutation (sought to be cancelled) was already entered in respect of the petitioner and admitted it correct that suit-property had been transferred by owner in his (petitioner's) favour---Even, the respondent / plaintiff while appearing as witnesses admitted that prior to him, the petitioner / defendant had purchased the suit land from the real owner of the suit land( respondent /defendant) and it showed that the respondent / plaintiff knew the execution of agreement to sell by respondent/owner in favour of the petitioner---Where an agreement is admitted, possession is delivered and receipt of major portion of payment is also admitted then any subsequent agreement or even registered document, if any, cannot be considered as a superior document to that of the earlier agreement---Furthermore, under Proviso (1) & (2) to S. 50 of the Registration Act, 1908, if an unregistered document is prior in time that would be entitled to the rights under Section 53-A of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882---High Court set aside the judgment and decree passed by the Appellate Court and the judgment and decree passed by the Trial Court was upheld---Civil revision filed by the defendant was allowed.

       Nawab Khan v. Raira Begum and others 2003 SCMR 1498; Mst. Jaiwanti Bai v. Messrs Amir Corporation and others PLD 2021 SC 434; Sardar Arshid Hussain v. Mst. Zenat un Nisa and another 2017 SCMR 608 and Mst. Rehmat and others v. Mst. Zubaida Begum and others 2021 SCMR 1534 ref.

(b) Registration Act (XVI of 1908)---

----S. 50, proviso (1) & (2)---Transfer of Property Act (IV of 1882), S. 53-A---Specific Relief Act (I of 1877), Ss. 12 & 39---Suit for specific performance and cancellation of mutation---Execution of agreement to sell, denial of---Agreement to sell prior in time---Burden of proof---Initial burden was on the respondent/plaintiff to prove the factum that he had no knowledge of prior agreement in favour of the petitioner / defendant, whereas in his cross-examination he admitted that he knew the same ; thus, he was not entitled for any relief.

       Gulzar Ahmad others v. Muhammad Aslam and others 2022 SCMR 1433 ref.

(c) Transfer of Property Act (IV of 1882)---

----S. 53-A---Subsequent vendee, responsibilities of---A subsequent vendee is required to make inquiry as to the nature of possession or title or further interest if any of original purchaser over the suit-property at time of entering into sale transaction.

       Bahar Shah and others v. Manzoor Ahmad 2022 SCMR 284 ref.

(d) Specific Relief Act (I of 1877)---

----Ss. 22 & 12---Suit for specific performance---Discretion / power of the Trial Court---Scope---Under S.22 of the Specific Relief Act, 1877, the grant of decree for specific performance comes within the sole discretionary power of the court which can refuse to grant the relief on the principle of equity even if the person filing the suit has proved the case.

Sheikh Akhtar Aziz v. Mst. Shabnam Begum and others 2019 SCMR 524; Muhammad Miskeen v. District Judge Attock and others 2020 SCMR 406 and Nazim-ud-Din and others v. Sheikh Zia-ul-Qamar and others 2016 SCMR 24 ref.

       Usman Nasir Awan for Petitioner.

       Zafar Iqbal Chohan for Respondents.

 

اہم نکات:

1. پہلے وقت کے معاہدے کی فوقیت:

اگر پہلے وقت میں غیر رجسٹرڈ معاہدہ فروخت موجود ہو، قبضہ منتقل ہو چکا ہو، اور ادائیگی کی تصدیق ہو، تو بعد کے کسی معاہدے یا رجسٹرڈ دستاویز کو فوقیت نہیں دی جا سکتی۔

2. ثبوت کا بوجھ:

مدعی (Plaintiff) پر یہ ابتدائی ذمہ داری تھی کہ وہ ثابت کرے کہ اسے پہلے معاہدے کا علم نہیں تھا، لیکن اس نے جرح کے دوران اعتراف کیا کہ اسے علم تھا، جس کی بنیاد پر اسے کسی ریلیف کا مستحق نہیں سمجھا گیا۔

3. دوسرے خریدار کی ذمہ داری:

کسی جائیداد کی خریداری میں دوسرا خریدار یہ جانچنے کا ذمہ دار ہے کہ جائیداد پر پہلے کسی خریدار کا قبضہ یا حق تو موجود نہیں۔

4. عدالتی صوابدید:

سیکشن 22، Specific Relief Act, 1877 کے تحت معاہدے کی تکمیل کے لیے حکم دینا عدالت کی صوابدید ہے، جو اصولِ انصاف کی بنیاد پر ریلیف دینے یا نہ دینے کا اختیار رکھتی ہے۔

5. فیصلہ:

ہائی کورٹ نے اپیلٹ کورٹ کا فیصلہ کالعدم قرار دیا اور ٹرائل کورٹ کے فیصلے کو بحال کیا، جو مدعا علیہ (Defendant) کے حق میں تھا۔

6. اہم حوالہ جات:

عدالت نے مختلف فیصلوں کا حوالہ دیا، جن میں واضح کیا گیا کہ پہلے معاہدے کو قانونی تحفظ حاصل ہوتا ہے، چاہے وہ غیر رجسٹرڈ ہی کیوں نہ ہو، بشرطیکہ اس پر عملدرآمد ہو چکا ہو۔

یہ نکات کیس کے قانونی اصولوں اور عدالت کے فیصلے کو سمجھنے میں مدد فراہم کرتے ہیں۔

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