Order 27 civil procedure code
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| Order 27 civil procedure code |
Government] along with the letter or request for transmission to the foreign Court].
ORDER XXVII
SUITS BY OR AGAINST [THE [GOVERNMENT]] OR PUBLIC OFFICERS
IN THEIR OFFICIAL CAPACITY
1. In any suit by or against [the [Government]], the plaint or written statement shall be
signed by such person as [the [Government]] may, by general or special order, appoint in
this behalf, and shall be verified by any person whom [ the [Government]] may so
appoint and who is acquainted with the facts of the case.
2. Persons being ex officio or other wise authorised to act for [the [Government]] in
respect of any judicial proceeding shall be deemed to be the recognized agents by whom
appearances, acts and applications under this Code maybe made or done on behalf of
[the[Government]].
3. In suits by or [against the [Government]] instead of inserting in the plaint the name and
description and place of residence of the plaintiff or defendant, it shall be sufficient to
insert [the appropriate name as provided in section 79, officer
[4. The Government] pleader in any Court shall be the agent of the [Government] for the
purpose of receiving processes against the [Government] issued by such |Court.]
5. The Court, in fixing the day for [the [Government]] to answer to the plaint, shall allow
a reasonable time for the necessary communication[with the [Government]] through the
proper channel, and for the issue of instructions to the [[Government] pleader] to appear
and answer on behalf of [the [Government]] *** and may extend the time at its
discretion.
6. The Court may also, in any case in which the [ [ Government] pleader] is not
accompanied by any person on the part of [the [Government]] who may be able to answer
any material questions relating to the suit, direct the attendance of such a person.
7.- (1) Where the defendant is a public officer and, on receiving the summons, considers
it proper to make a reference to [the [Government]] before answering the plaint, he may
apply to the Court to grant such extension of the time fixed in the summons as may be
necessary to enable him to make such reference and to receive orders thereon through the
proper channel.
(2) Upon such application the court shall extend the time for so long as appears to it to be
necessary.
8.- (1) Where [the [government]] undertakes the defence of a suit against a public officer
[the Government] pleader], upon being furnished with authority to appear and answer the
plaint, shall apply to the Court, and upon such application the Court shall cause a note of
his authority to be entered in the register of civil suits.
(2) Where no application under sub-rule (1) is made by [the [Government] pleader] on or
before the day fixed in the notice for the defendant to appear and answer, the case shall
proceed as in a suit between private parties:
Provided that the defendant shall not be liable to arrest, nor his property to attachment
otherwise than in execution of a decree.
8.A. No such security as is mentioned in rules 5 and 6 of Order XLI shall be required
from the [Government] or where the [Government] has undertaken the defence of the
suit, from any public officer sued in respect of an act alleged to be done by him in his
official capacity.
8B. In this Order "[Government]" and "[Government] pleader" means respectivelya) in relation to any suit by or against *** the Central Government, or against a public
officer in the service of that Government, the Central Government and such pleader as
that Government may appoint whether generally or specially for the purposes of this
Order:
b) * * * * * * * * * *
c) in relation to any suit by or against a Provincial Government or against a public officer
in the service of a Province, the Provincial Government and the Government pleader, or
such other pleader as the Provincial Government may appoint, whether generally or
specially for the purposes of this Order.]
[ORDER XXVIIA
SUITS INVOLVING ANYSUBSTANTIAL QUESTION AS TO THE
INTERPRETATION OF CONSTITIONAL LAW
1. In any suit in which it appears to the Court that [ any substantial question as to the
interpretation of constitutional law] is involved, the Court shall not proceed to determine
the question until after notice has been given to the [Attorney-General for Pakistan] if the
question of law concerns the Central Government and to the Advocate-General of the
Province if the question of law concerns a Provincial Government.
2. The Court may at any stage of the proceedings order that the Central Government or a
provincial Government shall be added as a defendant in any suit involving [any
substantial question as to the interpretation of constitutional law] if the [Attorney-General
for Pakistan] or the Advocate-General of the Province as the case may be, whether upon
receipt of notice under rule 1, or otherwise applies for such addition and the Court is
satisfied that such addition is necessary or desirable for the satisfactory determination of
the question of law involved.
3. Where under rule 2 Government is added as a defendant in a suit [the AttorneyGeneral] the Advocate General or the Government shall not be entitled to or liable for
costs in the Court which ordered the addition unless the Court having regard to all the
circumstances of the case for any special reason otherwise orders .
4. In the application of this Order to appeals the word " defendant" shall be held to
include a respondent and the word "suit" an appeal.
Under standing of order 27
Order 27 of the Civil Procedure Code (CPC) is a crucial provision that deals with suits by or against the government or public officers in their official capacity. This order provides a framework for legal proceedings involving the state or its representatives, ensuring a fair and just adjudication of disputes where the government is a party.
### **Key Aspects of Order 27:**
1. ** **Representation of the Government:**
- Order 27 allows for the representation of the government in legal proceedings through an authorized officer or advocate.
2. ** **Suits by or Against the Government:**
- This order covers suits where the government is a party, whether as a plaintiff or a defendant. It recognizes the unique position of the government as a litigant.
3. ** **Mode of Appearance:**
- The government or a public officer sued in an official capacity may appear in court through a person appointed or authorized by it. This person could be an officer of the government or an advocate.
### **Procedure under Order 27:**
1. ** **Appointment of a Representative:**
- The government, being a vast entity, designates an officer or an advocate to represent it in legal proceedings.
2. ** **Mode of Pleading:**
- Pleadings on behalf of the government or a public officer are typically conducted by the appointed representative, ensuring a formal and legal presentation of the case.
3. ** **Service of Process:**
- Notice of the suit is served upon the government or public officer in the manner prescribed by law, and the appointed representative handles subsequent legal proceedings.
4. ** **Protection of Government Officers:**
- Public officers acting in their official capacity are afforded certain protections under Order 27, ensuring that they can discharge their duties without fear of personal liability in legal proceedings.
### **Special Considerations:**
1. ** **Conclusive Proof of Authority:**
- Orders or notifications indicating the appointment or authority of the representative are considered conclusive proof of their authority to act on behalf of the government.
2. ** **Variation of Representation:**
- The government may change or vary its representation during the course of the legal proceedings, provided it follows the established procedures for such changes.
### **Conclusion:**
Order 27 of the CPC is pivotal in regulating legal matters involving the government or public officers in their official capacity. By providing a structured framework for representation and procedure, it ensures that legal proceedings against the government are conducted fairly and efficiently. This order recognizes the distinct nature of government litigation, acknowledging the need for specific rules to govern cases where the state is a party. Understanding and adhering to the provisions of Order 27 is essential for both legal practitioners and government officials involved in such proceedings to ensure a just and equitable resolution of disputes involving the state.
سول پروسیجر کوڈ (CPC) کا آرڈر 27 ایک اہم شق ہے جو حکومت یا سرکاری افسران کی طرف سے یا اس کے خلاف ان کی سرکاری حیثیت میں مقدمات سے نمٹتا ہے۔ یہ حکم ریاست یا اس کے نمائندوں پر مشتمل قانونی کارروائیوں کے لیے ایک فریم ورک فراہم کرتا ہے، جہاں حکومت فریق ہو تنازعات کے منصفانہ اور منصفانہ فیصلے کو یقینی بناتا ہے۔
### **آرڈر 27 کے اہم پہلو:**
1. ** **حکومت کی نمائندگی:**
- آرڈر 27 کسی مجاز افسر یا وکیل کے ذریعے قانونی کارروائی میں حکومت کی نمائندگی کی اجازت دیتا ہے۔
2. ** **حکومت کی طرف سے یا اس کے خلاف مقدمہ:**
- یہ حکم ان مقدموں کا احاطہ کرتا ہے جہاں حکومت فریق ہو، چاہے بطور مدعی ہو یا مدعا علیہ۔ یہ ایک مدعی کے طور پر حکومت کے منفرد مقام کو تسلیم کرتا ہے۔
3. ** **ظہور کا طریقہ:**
- سرکاری حیثیت میں مقدمہ کرنے والا حکومت یا سرکاری افسر عدالت میں اس کے ذریعہ مقرر یا مجاز شخص کے ذریعہ پیش ہوسکتا ہے۔ یہ شخص حکومت کا افسر یا وکیل ہو سکتا ہے۔
### **آرڈر 27 کے تحت طریقہ کار:**
1. ** نمائندے کی تقرری:**
- حکومت، ایک وسیع ادارہ ہونے کے ناطے، قانونی کارروائی میں اس کی نمائندگی کے لیے کسی افسر یا وکیل کو نامزد کرتی ہے۔
2۔ ** التجا کرنے کا طریقہ:**
- حکومت یا سرکاری افسر کی جانب سے درخواستیں عام طور پر مقرر کردہ نمائندے کے ذریعے کی جاتی ہیں، جو اس مقدمے کی رسمی اور قانونی پیشکش کو یقینی بناتی ہیں۔
3. ** ** عمل کی خدمت:**
- مقدمہ کا نوٹس حکومت یا سرکاری افسر کو قانون کے ذریعہ تجویز کردہ طریقے سے دیا جاتا ہے، اور مقرر کردہ نمائندہ بعد کی قانونی کارروائی کو سنبھالتا ہے۔
4. ** **سرکاری افسران کا تحفظ:**
- اپنی سرکاری حیثیت میں کام کرنے والے سرکاری افسران کو آرڈر 27 کے تحت کچھ تحفظات فراہم کیے جاتے ہیں، اس بات کو یقینی بناتے ہوئے کہ وہ قانونی کارروائی میں ذاتی ذمہ داری کے خوف کے بغیر اپنے فرائض سرانجام دے سکتے ہیں۔
### **خصوصی تحفظات:**
1. ** **اختیار کا حتمی ثبوت:**
- نمائندے کی تقرری یا اختیار کی نشاندہی کرنے والے احکامات یا اطلاعات کو حکومت کی جانب سے کام کرنے کے ان کے اختیار کا حتمی ثبوت سمجھا جاتا ہے۔
2. ** ** نمائندگی کا تغیر:**
- حکومت قانونی کارروائی کے دوران اپنی نمائندگی کو تبدیل یا تبدیل کر سکتی ہے، بشرطیکہ وہ اس طرح کی تبدیلیوں کے لیے قائم کردہ طریقہ کار پر عمل کرے۔
### **نتیجہ:**
سی پی سی کا آرڈر 27 ان قانونی معاملات کو ریگولیٹ کرنے میں اہم ہے جس میں حکومت یا سرکاری افسران ان کی سرکاری حیثیت میں شامل ہیں۔ نمائندگی اور طریقہ کار کے لیے ایک منظم فریم ورک فراہم کرکے، یہ یقینی بناتا ہے کہ حکومت کے خلاف قانونی کارروائی منصفانہ اور مؤثر طریقے سے کی جائے۔ یہ حکم حکومتی قانونی چارہ جوئی کی الگ نوعیت کو تسلیم کرتا ہے، ایسے معاملات کو چلانے کے لیے مخصوص قوانین کی ضرورت کو تسلیم کرتا ہے جہاں ریاست ایک فریق ہے۔ آرڈر 27 کی دفعات کو سمجھنا اور ان پر عمل پیرا ہونا قانونی ماہرین اور اس طرح کی کارروائیوں میں شامل سرکاری اہلکاروں دونوں کے لیے ضروری ہے تاکہ ریاست سے متعلق تنازعات کے منصفانہ اور منصفانہ حل کو یقینی بنایا جا سکے۔
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